(a) Name two magnetic materials. [2]
(b) State the direction of the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet. [1]
(c) Iron is described as a soft magnetic material and steel as a hard magnetic material. Explain the difference. [2]
- (a) any one of: iron, steel, nickel, cobalt(1)
- (a) a second from the list; do not accept aluminium, copper or 'metal'(1)
- (b) from the north pole to the south pole (outside the magnet)(1)
- (c) soft (iron): easily magnetised and loses its magnetism easily / is a temporary magnet(1)
- (c) hard (steel): harder to magnetise but keeps its magnetism / becomes a permanent magnet(1)
- Answer: (a) e.g. iron, nickel (b) N to S (c) soft magnetises and demagnetises easily; hard keeps its magnetism
- Examiner tip: 'Metal' is not a magnetic material: name the specific element or steel.